What are the causes of high water temperature alarms, shutdowns, and system malfunctions?

Coolant leak or low coolant level; faulty coolant temperature sensor; excessive deposits in the radiator and coolant system, or excessive oil buildup on the radiator;

Excessive wear on the fan belt and insufficient tension; Worn water pump resulting in insufficient water flow; Thermostat opening angle is insufficient and exhibits sticking; Damage to the water passages in the cylinder head gasket, causing a connection to the cylinder; Severe wear on the cylinder liner resulting in partial water leakage; Engine compartment ventilation does not meet requirements; Engine operating under excessive load; Excessive fuel supply (including engine fatigue)